IRS1/A0484

The insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1, also known as A0484) is a docking and adaptor protein that is multiply phosphorylated by a variety of protein kinases and is the major substrate of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGFRs).

The insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1, also known as A0484) is a docking and adaptor protein that is multiply phosphorylated by a variety of protein kinases and is the major substrate of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGFRs). The phosphorylation of IRS1 by the insulin receptor (InsR) is an indispensable requirement for the transduction of the InsR/IGFR signaling cascade and mediates the modulation of different cellular processes controlled by insulin and growth factors. The expression of the IRS1 gene is enriched in insulin responsive tissues. It has been described that learning in rats induces increases in levels of IRS1 and disruption of the insulin receptor signaling cascade impairs memory in rat models. Knock-out of IRS1 in mice presents multiple metabolic disorders including, glucose homeostasis, together with severe intrauterine growth retardation and peripheral insulin resistance. In humans, different polymorphisms have been associated with diabetes mellitus type II and insulin resistance. The expression of the IRS1 gene is enriched in insulin responsive tissues.